Virtualization¶
FOG can be used on bare metal as well as in most virtual server and
client setups. Some of the virtualization techniques are really great
when used with FOG, e.g. snapshots. Some people use virtualization to
prepare and capture their "golden (master / reference) images" all on
one central location/server. Again like with the server OS we don't
prefer any of the following or others that are out there. This is only a
collection of hints and tricks plus maybe issues we know about.
Hyper-V¶
Using the New VM Wizard:
Ensure the virtual switch your VM is connected to has a route to FOG!
Create VM Wizard Installation Options: Select "Install an operating
system from network-based installation server"
Existing VM:
Ensure the virtual switch your VM is connected to has a route to FOG!
Right click VM Settings BIOS
Move "Network Adapter" (sometimes labeled "Legacy Network Adapter")
to the top of the boot order.
UEFI:
UEFI/Secure Boot is an option with Hyper-V on Server 2012 on Generation
2 VMs. It is enabled by default, and can be disabled in VM Settings
Firmware: Uncheck secure boot.
Thanks to moses
KVM/QEMU¶
Can be used as kind of a lightweight desktop virtual environment to test
FOG and master your images. Using this on the laptop as local test
environment. Search forums and wiki but there is no valuable information
about anyone using FOG on a KVM server. Asked user mxc as he seams to
use it. Otherwise this will be a brief description on how to use this as
I do it.
| # setup network tap device as kind of a local software switch to connect it all
| sudo tunctl -t tap0 -u
| sudo ifconfig tap0 x.x.x.x netmask 255.255.255.0 up
| # generate disk image file
| qemu-img create -f qcow2 hd.qcow2 10G
| # start VM using QEMU emulator (BIOS mode)
| qemu -m 512 -boot n -net nic,vlan=1 -net tap,vlan=1,ifname=tap0,script=/bin/true -hda hd.qcow2
| # start VM using real KVM virtualization (BIOS mode)
| kvm -m 512 -boot n -net nic,vlan=1,macaddr=00:00:00:00:00:05 -net tap,vlan=1,ifname=tap0,script=/bin/true -hda hd.qcow2
| # start VM as UEFI machine - as well using the more modern '-netdev' parameter
| kvm -m 512 -boot n -bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hn0 -netdev tap,id=hn0,ifname=tap0,script=/bin/true -hda hd.qcow2
OpenVZ¶
OpenVZ (possibly within Proxmox) is mostly used to run the FOG server in
a light weight kind of virtual environment. As OpenVZ is in nature
similar to a chrooted environment you cannot actually PXE boot such a
container. To install FOG as a server in OpenVZ you need to have NFS
support on the host machine first and then add it to the container as
well:
| $ lsmod | grep nfsd
| nfsd 312315 14
| $ grep nfsd /proc/filesystems
| nodev nfsd
If you don't see the kernel module nfsd loaded you might need to
install the nfs-kernel-server package and load the module (usually done
by the nfs-kernel-server init script). As mentioned before you need to
enable access to nfsd from within the container you want to install
FOG to:
| $ vzctl stop $CONTAINER_ID
| $ vzctl set $CONTAINER_ID --feature nfsd:on --save
| $ vzctl start $CONTAINER_ID
After that the installer should run through like it would installing on
bare metal or any other virtual environment!
Wake on LAN:
To be able to send WOL and multicast packages the container needs a
proper MAC address. This is only the case if you configure the container
to use a network bridge (veth instead of venet!).
LXC¶
One of the main things is to get NFS to work within LXC containers.
While it used to be easy in Proxmox newer versions make it more
complicated.
Proxmox 6.x:
https://forums.fogproject.org/topic/15176/fog-server-in-lxc-container-under-proxmox-6
Proxmox 5.x: An update (around 23th of October 2018) broke NFS in LXC
containers. Find a fix here:
https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/mounting-nfs-in-lxc-not-working-since-latest-update.47815/
Proxmox 4.x:
https://forums.fogproject.org/topic/7978/fog-in-lxc-container-how-to-configure-nfs-server
VirtualBox¶
Bridged network or host only.
Most versions seem to suffer from a bug where iPXE would only be able to
get an IP from the DHCP if started cold (vs. reboot).
This can be fixed by changing the iPXE binary from undionly.kkpxe to
ipxe.pxe in the DHCP server config.
VMWare ESXi¶
Running a FOG client within an ESXi server is pretty close to what you
would do on a bare metal machine:
- Create VM as normal.
- Choose network adapter other than VMX3 (e.g. e1000) as we have seen
loading
issues
with those virtual adapters. - Open VM Console, start up the VM. Press F2 on Boot Logo to enter
BIOS. - Scroll over to boot tab, use + key to move Network boot to the top
of the boot order.
You can also do an on-demand network boot by hitting F9 on startup, if
you don't want to change the boot order permanently.
UEFI:
UEFI is disabled by default for VMs in ESXI 6.0+. To enable it for a VM,
go to VM Settings > Options Tab > Advanced: Boot Options and change
the boot firmware from BIOS to EFI.
Thanks to moses
VMWare Player¶
Is this still in use?? Don't care if there is nothing about it in wiki
or forums!
Xen/XenServer¶
XCP-ng/Xen Orchestra¶
No special treatment needed; just make sure that pxe boot is checked and
that the correct network is selected.
See forums